There is an interesting story coming out of Norway in the past few weeks, a real movement from the supporters groups to abolish VAR in Norwegian football. Now I’ll admit, it’s been a difficult story to research, as many of the Norwegian newspapers put their articles behind paywalls, and I do not speak Norwegian! A fair amount of translating went into this, but here’s what I know so far.
VAR was introduced to Norwegian football before the 2023 season. The Norwegian season runs from April to December, so we are approaching the start of the second year with VAR in Norwegian football. When VAR was introduced, it was done so immediately and without any consultation of the clubs or supporters, which the latter did not take kindly to. In fact, Norwegian football fans were so against VAR that they wanted to boycott the 2022 World Cup, as it was the first that VAR would be implemented in. Last season, the supporters groups of over 70 clubs organized a protest against VAR over two match weeks, where every match started with 15 minutes of silence from the crowd. As the 2024 season approaches, the frustrations with VAR have only seemed to grow, culminating in a motion that is being voted on by all Norwegian clubs to “work to abolish the use of VAR in Norwegian football”. The main reasons that Norwegian supporters are against VAR are the aforementioned way that VAR was brought into Norwegian football, as well as the impact on matchday experiences. The Eliteserien, Norway’s top division, does not have a global, or even European TV deal, with games being broadcast on Norwegian TV alone. This means that some of the biggest reasons VAR was wanted in leagues such as the Premier League do not apply in Norway. The Premier League is the most globally viewed league in world football. Therefore, every incorrect refereeing decision that fans are shown replay after replay of is scrutinized on a much larger scale, and the need for VAR to prevent those clear errors increases. It is important to understand the difference in perspective for a fan watching in a stadium vs. one watching at home on the television. When you are attending a match live, you will not see the extended replays that get shown on television broadcasts, and therefore an incorrect referee decision is much less obvious. Referee error is part of the game of football, and I don’t think any football fan would be in favour of a hypothetical robot referee that cannot make an error. For this reason, the larger an audience a league has on TV broadcasts, the more obvious refereeing errors become, and the more necessary VAR becomes. The Eliteserien is only broadcast within Norway, and as a result the matchday crowd become a much larger proportion of the total viewers of any given match. The matchday experience can be dulled by long VAR delays, anyone who watches the Premier League knows what I mean, and fans have every right to want fewer delays in the matches. Having the feeling of pure joy when your team scores taken away because you have to wait and make sure there isn’t going to be a VAR review has been one of the worst impacts of VAR’s inclusion in modern football, but how many times has this happened in Norway?
Based on an information newsletter circulated to the supporters of all Norwegian Football Federation (NFF) clubs taking part in the vote to begin removing VAR from the Norwegian game, I was able to find some useful statistics from the 2023 Eliteserien season. For context, an Eliteserien season is 30 matches long, with 16 clubs; this means there are 240 matches played in total.
- 1,662: Number of situations evaluated by VAR in the 2023 season. Of these situations:
- 1,304 (78.5%): situations evaluated immediately without any delay of game
- 358 (21.5%): situations checked more closely, requiring some delay, of these:
- 294 (82.1%): cases VAR determined the on-field referee was correct
- 55 (15.4%): cases VAR corrected the on-field referee’s mistake
- 9 (2.5%): cases VAR made the incorrect decision
Of all of the situations evaluated by VAR in the 2023 Eliteserien season, only 358 required any delay in the match, for an average of 1.5 per match. However, the longest delays were cases VAR corrected the on-field referee’s mistake. The NFF released the statistics for this too, showing that of the 55 situations VAR corrected a mistake, the on-field ref did not need to check the video screen on 25 occasions, which took an average of 48 seconds to review. For the remaining 30 occasions where the on-field ref did need to check the video screen, they lasted an average of 2 minutes and 2 seconds in delay. This truly does not seem like much of an impact on match proceedings, and compared to all other European competitions, Norway did in fact have the least amount of VAR interventions in the 2023 season.
Now I’m not a huge fan of how VAR has been implemented in many leagues, especially in England, where it seems like referees are now defaulting to letting the VAR make the decision when they aren’t 100% sure instead of potentially getting their decision overturned. The purpose of VAR when it was introduced around the world was to overturn “clear and obvious error”: a linesman missing a player 5 yards offside, the referee missing a clear violent act worthy of a booking, the ball crossing the goal line but the referee calling it out. If these criteria were kept to, we should see low numbers of VAR interventions across Europe and no extended VAR reviews: if it’s a clear and obvious error, it shouldn’t take 5-10 minutes to determine so!
Now I mentioned earlier the impact VAR has had on goal celebrations in the stadium, so how did VAR impact the goals in the Eliteserien last year? Of the 748 goals scored, 140 were studied more closely. That is almost 20% of the goals scored, but of those 140 reviews, 110 of them were completed without any delay to the match (before the team’s celebrations ended). Only 30 goals of the 748 scored last season had VAR reviews that required a delay of the game, with an average wait time of 29 seconds. About 1 in 25 goals required a VAR delay of approximately 30 seconds to confirm the correct decision, that looks like minimal impact to me. A refereeing decision was overturned by VAR once every 4.36 matches played.
What gives the NFF’s support of VAR credibility in my opinion is that they admit it’s shortcomings and have set out a solid plan to improve VAR’s use going forward. In this document I translated, the NFF point out one instance in Matchweek 15 of the 2023 season, in a match between Odd and Vålerenga, where a VAR review took nearly 7 minutes. This was immediately deemed unacceptable by the NFF for its impact on the match and the supporters, and changes were made ensuring a VAR delay of this length did not occur again for the rest of the season. The NFF also point out 9 occasions last year where VAR made the incorrect decision: 2 red cards incorrectly given, 2 goals that should not have stood, 3 penalties incorrectly given for handball, and 2 penalties incorrectly given for tackling. This is an average of one incorrect VAR decision for every 185 VAR reviews, well within the acceptable bounds of human error.
The last part from the NFF’s document to mention is the main proposed changes for the future use of VAR in Norway.
- Strive for a maximum VAR review time of 2 minutes
- Generally reduce the use of VAR, especially times the on-field referee must check the video screen
- Increase the number of VAR cameras in each stadium to a minimum of 6
- Ask assistant referees to flag clear offsides more often, rather than letting the play develop and relying on VAR to call offside
- At the end of each season, both internal and external evaluations of the VAR system must be carried out, and Norway’s handling of VAR must be assessed compared to other nations
- In the future, to consider the VAR technology specifically aimed at offsides and goal-line situations
- Establish a long term dialogue around VAR with the NFF clubs and supporters
This is very promising to me, and shows that the NFF is thinking in the right way when it comes to improving VAR and the match experience. There are several key changes that will improve the match experience and reduce delays, not to mention the change in referee development in Norway moving forward. The NFF decided to develop VAR referees separately from on-field referees, meaning each referee will be dedicated to one or the other. Just like how the best on-field referees get given more games, the best VAR referees will be given more situations to review. The reasons for the supporters’ displeasure are clearly understood here. That being said, it is hard to tell what impact this credibility to VAR will have on the vote. Many supporters do not care if VAR has had a lesser impact in Norway than other countries, they want it gone, not reduced. So far, the supporters groups of the following clubs have voted in favour of the motion that their clubs should work towards abolishing VAR in Norway: Rosenborg BK, SK Brann, Vålerenga IF, Lillestrøm SK, Strømsgodset IF, Stabaek, and IK Start. In Rosenborg, Brann, Vålerenga, and Lillestrøm, some of the biggest clubs in Norway with the largest supporter bases have voted to remove VAR. On the flipside, the boards of several clubs have released statements in favour of VAR urging their supporters groups to vote no to the motion. In the most entertaining fashion, Tromso IL’s board released a statement saying they are in favour of VAR largely in part to the team achieving an all-time best finish of 3rd in the Eliteserien in the first season with VAR. They want their supporters to vote no to the motion, but the vote has not taken place yet just like in nearby Bodo, who’s supporters group vote will happen on this coming Monday. The clubs who’s supporters groups have voted against the motion to remove VAR (many due to pressure from the club board) are: Viking, Odds BK, Molde FK, Kristiansund BK, and Aalesund FK. The most influential member here is Molde being in favour of VAR.
Over the next few weeks the rest of the supporters groups should vote on this issue, and we will see what the consensus is! VAR will continue in the Eliteserien through the 2024 season, so any possible changes would be in effect for the 2025 season. This could be the start of a larger movement to bring the leagues with grassroots origins back to those roots. At the end of the day, football is a place many fans go to celebrate in the good times, and commiserate in the bad times. Sometimes those human emotions matter more than getting every call inch-perfect. I’m not saying to remove VAR from the biggest competitions in world football, but maybe a fan going to watch his local club in Norway doesn’t want VAR telling them when they can and can’t feel emotions. Just something to think about.
Thanks for reading, hope this has inspired a deeper thought on VAR and how we should be using it.
-LM


















